Contents

• Introduction
• Computer Science in Primary Education
• Computational Thinking
• Study 1 – Measuring the Effect of a Programming Game on Story Sequencing Ability in Young Children
• Abstraction and Code Smells
• Study 2 – Can Children Recognise the Benefits of Abstraction in Scratch?
• Pirate Plunder – Design and Development
• Study 3 – Investigating the Value of a Debugging-First Approach
• Study 4 – Using Pirate Plunder to Improve Children’s Abstraction Skills in Scratch
• General Discussion